REVIEW ARTICLE
Genetic Polymorphisms and Pesticide-Induced DNA Damage: A Review
Muhammad Bello Usman1, #, Kanu Priya1, *, #, Soumya Pandit1, Piyush Kumar Gupta1, Sharad Agrawal1, Hemen Sarma2, Ram Prasad3, *
Article Information
Identifiers and Pagination:
Year: 2021Volume: 15
Issue: Suppl-1, M6
First Page: 119
Last Page: 130
Publisher ID: TOBIOTJ-15-119
DOI: 10.2174/1874070702115010119
Article History:
Received Date: 7/11/2020Revision Received Date: 12/4/2021
Acceptance Date: 5/5/2021
Electronic publication date: 27/08/2021
Collection year: 2021
open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode). This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
The drastic increase in pesticide applications makes human exposure inevitable either through environment or occupation. Pesticide toxicity causes many adverse health effects through a number of pathways leading to DNA damage, mutations and cancers. Nevertheless, there is heterogeneity in the degree of toxicity among individuals due to the influence of genetic polymorphisms on xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XMEs) that modulate the biological process. Thus, study of the most common polymorphic genes coding for the enzymes involved in pesticide metabolism (such as cytochrome P450, Glutathione S-transferases, N-acetyltransferase and paraoxonase) may help determine individual’s susceptibility to pesticide toxicity. In this review, we give an overview of some recent developments in the field of genetic polymorphism and pesticide-related DNA damage, including probable biomarkers that may uncover genome susceptibility to pesticide toxicity. We have tried to create a connection between DNA polymorphism and cancer onslaught globally. It is envisaged that knowledge on this line would improve our understanding of facilitating the association between genotype and phenotype in cancer biology.